Combination-lock.



N. s. G. BESHARO].

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 191 2.

2 SHBETS SHEET 1.

jiP/VEf/Tk- Jvmaa BMW manwys N. S. G. BESHAROV.

COMBINATION LOGK.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR aumffiflwhwwv mamas WITPrESSES NAUM S. Gr. BESHAROV, OFPATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

Serial No. 644,508.

To all whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, NAUM S. G. BESHAROV, a subject of the Czar ofRussia, and a resident of Paterson, in the count-y of Passaic and Stateof New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Combination-Lock, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a new and improved form of combination lock, andan object of my invention is to provide a simplitied form of lock inwhich the combination to permit the actuation of the bolt may readily bechanged from the outside of the lock.

A further object of my invention is to pro vide a lock of theabove-indicated character, in which it is possible to draw the bolt onlywhen the tumblers are in the position in which they were set when thebolt was thrown.

I attain the above-outlined objects by providing a number ofwheel-shaped tumblers having gates in their peripheries, which gates areadapted to be opened to permit the throwing of the bolt, which gates arelocked in their open position after the passage of the bolt, it beingpossible to retract the bolt only when the opened gates are inalinement. The act of retracting the bolt releases the means holding thegates in open position, thereby closing all of the gates in position tobe uncovered when the bolt is again ejected.

With the above and other objects in view, as will more fully hereinafterappear, the present invention consists in certain novel details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described,illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointedout in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures, and in which- Figure 1 is afront elevation of my improved. lock applied to a door; Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of my lock with the front casing removed to show the internalmechanism with the bolt in retracted position; Fig. 3 IS a transversesectional vlew taken on the line I 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. at is a viewsimilar to fragmentary side elevation of one of the tumblers, partly insection to show the gateholding means; Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionalview taken on the line 77 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectionalview taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of thearrow; Fig. 9 isan, enlarged fragmentary plan view showing a art of thebolt and its extension with the earing springs thereon; and Fig. 10 isan enlarged perspective view of one of the sliding gates in thetumblers.

Described more in detail, there is shown an elongated rectangular hollowcasing 11, in the form of a hollow box 12 having a removable front plate13. Extending trans versely of said box is a partition 14 forming abolt-throwing compartment 15 and a tumbler compartment 16. Extendinglongitudinally in the compartment 15 and rigidly afiixed therein betweenthe partition 14. and the adjacent end ofthe casing, is a bearing rod 17the upper central portion of which has a curved recess 18, which affordsa bearing for a collar having a square recess, into which recess extendsa knob spindle 19, which spindle has disposed on opposite ends knobs 20d 21.

Rigidly mounted upon the spindle 1.9 and disposed between the rod 17 andthe bottom of the box 12, is a gear 22, and likewise disposed upon saidspindle, on the opposite side of the rod 17, is a similar gear 23, bothof which gears are in mesh with the racks 24 disposed on opposite edgesofia'plate 25,

which plate forms an extension from a bolt I leaf springs 27 are carriedby the plate'25 and bears upon the adjacent edge of the-casing. At theinner end of the rod 17, the partition 14: has a square recess 28, inwhich recess fits the square end 29 of a cylindrical tumbler rod 30, theopposite square end3l of which is inserted into the aperture in the edgeof the casing in longitudinal alinement with the recess 28.

Loosely mounted upon the cylindrical portion of the rod 30, is a seriesof tumblers 32, in this case shown to be three in number, each of whichtumblers being in the for of a wheel having a rim 33, the outerperiphery of which is preferably milled, as shown at 34, in order tofacilitate the rotating of of consecutive numbers 38 thereon tofacilitate the location of the tumblers with. reference to thebolt-throwing mechanisms. Disposed within the rim 33 of each of thetumblers, is a lock casing 39 rigidly atlixed to the rim at one pointalong its periphery by means of an integral yoke portion 40. It will beseen that by this arrangement, as

the rim is rotated, the lock casing 39 is also rotated.

Having one end rigidly mounted upon the plate and spaced a shortdistance away from said plate and having its opposite end rigidlyfastened to the bolt 26, is a key plate 41 which extends through thering rccess'42 formed between the lock casing 39 and the rim 33. Mountedcentrally upon and depending from the plate 41 in the direction of therod 30, is an elongated key 43, the longitudinal edges of which arebeveled, the front bevel 44 being relatively longer than the rear bevel45. This key normally pre: rents the rod 41 and its attached bolt frombeing actuated, as the three lock casings 39 are disposed in the path ofthis key and the bolt can only be actuated when aseries of open gatewaysin all of the lock casings are alined to permit the passage of the key43. Each casing comprises a bearing ring 46 mounted on the rod 30, andtwo spacedapart circular plates 47 and 48, which plates have radiallydisposedalining recesses 49. These recesses 49 are in alinement transversely across the plates and said plates are held in their spaced-apartposition by means of V-shaped guide plates 50 disposed about their outeredges, each of which guide plates has a V-shaped shouldered portion 51terminating a short distance within the outer edge 52, the shoulderedportions on opposite sides of the recesses 49' forming a slideway fortheplate 53 of the sliding gate 54. Each of the sliding gates is normallyforced outward'to close its recess 49 by means of a compression spring55 having one end bearing on the inner end of each of the gates 54 andthe other end bearing on the ring 46. These springs are prevented frombuckling by means of a pin 56 projecting from each gate. The outer endof each gate has a bevel or incline 57 facing the front bevel 44 of thekey It will be seen by this construction, more clearly shown in Fig. 4,that in ejecting the bolt 26, the inclined bevel 44 will contact withthe inclines 57 forcing the gates downward against the action of thesprings 55, thereby opening the recesses 49. A J'ter the gate is throwninto the open position, it is held in that position by means of alocking pin 58 projecting into the recess 49 from one'side of the guideplate 50 and maintained in its projected position by means of acompression spring 59 disposed in a pocket 60. The locking pin 58 hasan'inwardly inclined beveled end 61 for a purpose hereinafter described.

It will be seen by this construction that as the key 43 bears on aseries of alined gates 54 in the several tumblers, it will force thesegates into open position, in which position they are held by means ofthe pins 58.

When the bolt has been once projected and the tumblers rotated todisaline the open recesses 49, it will be possible to retract the boltonly when the gates which are in the locked open position are againbrought into alinementwith the key 43. In'retracting the bolt, the key43 will depress the pin 58 in each of the casings into the pocket 60,permitting the spring 55 to act on the gate 54, to again close therecess 49. It will be seen by this arrangement that the tumblers may beplaced in any position, that is, when the bolt is retracted, anycombination read through the opening will permit the actuation of thebolt, but in order to retract the bolt, the same combination must beread through the opening 35 as was used when the bolt was projected.Thus it is not nec essary to have any known combination but every timethe bolt is projected, it is possible to have a different combination inorder to retract the bolt.

Mounted on the same side of the plate 41 with the key 43, are threespaced-apart pins 62. The distance between these pins and between theend of the key 43 and the adjacent pin, is equal to the width of thetumblers 32,- so that when the bolt is in its projected position and therecess 49 on the first tumbler is in alinement with the key 43, the

pins 62- will engage one or more of the closed gates of the othertumblers preventing the operator from feeling his way through thetumblers by rotating the interfering tumblers until tin: open recessesare in alinemcnt, as one of the pins on the key plate will always be incontact with a closed gate until all of the open recesses are inalinement with the key 43.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. In a rock, a series of wheel-shaped turnblers, each tumbler having aplurality'of recesses, a gate for each recess normally ,closing thesame, the recesses in adjacent tum blers adapted to be brought intoalinement,

a bolt, a key actuated by said bolt adapted to pass through alinodrecesses in said tumblers to open said gates when the bolt isprotracted, and means holding said gates in open position, said keyunlocking said hold- V I mg means 1n its retracting movement, to

permitthe restoration of sald gates to their normally closed position 2.In a lock, in combination, a casing, a bolt,- a plate forming anextension to and connected with said bolt, a pair of racks mounted onsaid plate, a pair of knob-actuated gears, each gear engaging one ofsaid racks, and a pair of springs disposed between said casing and platebearing on said plate to maintain the same in engagement with saidgears.

3. In a lock, a bolt having a plate carried thereby, means engaging saidplate to actuate said bolt, a series of tumblers mounted on a commonaxis, said tumblers having recesses therein, a key platerigidly-connected with and spaced from saidifirst-mentioned plate andpassing through the recesses in to prevent the said tumblers, and a keycarried by said key plate, said tumblers having means to intercept thepassage of said key therethrough,

actuation of the bolt.

4:- In a lock, in combination, a wheelshaped tumbler having a series ofspaced apart recesses, gates normally closing said recesses, a bolt,means attached to said bolt adapted to pass through one of said recessesin protracting 3G 'saidmeans maybe redrawn through said i the bolt toforce the gate in said recess to an unlocked position, whereby openrecess whenthe bolt is retracted, and

means maintaining said gate in unlocked position.

said tumbler comprising a rim, a lock casing mounted concentricallywithin said rim and spaced therefrom to form a ring shaped recess, abolt having a plate extending parallel therewith and spaced therefrom,said rim disposed between said plate and bolt, and means carried by saidlock casing, coacting with the plate in said recess to prevent theactution of said bolt relative to said tumbler.

6. A look mounted on a door, said lock having tumblers accessible fromthe outside of the door, a bolt, and means permitting the projection ofsaid bolt at any combination of'the tumblers, the tumblers havingboltlocking gates-set by the ejection of the bolt,

to fix the combination at which the bolt isto be retracted.

7. In combination, a lock having a bolt, a

plate rigidly fastened to said bolt, a series of tumblers engaging saidplate, said tumblers having means permitting the passage of said platetherethrough, means locking said bolt in position relative to saidtumblers, and means preventing the partial retraction of said bolt untilall of said tumblers are set to an unlocking position.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of

